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Hacker Clubs and Computer Corporations

    The idea behind these maps is to show how specific hackers could influence the areas around where they live, creating a grassroots effect where hacker ideals and ethics become tied to an area.  Even though hackers are famous for using computers and communicating through BBS - making most geographical information useless - the earliest groups of hobbyists did meet up at physical locations to create clubs, events, magazines and programs.  These are the points I want to look at, internationally.

    This map is a global layout of the early hacking communities that would meet up locally.  Most of these clubs are for college or graduate students, but there are a few hobbyist groups or even groups of teenagers who got recognition from their criminal activity or popularity through BBS programs.  All of these groups were influential before the 1990s, and due to their activities, the government began legislature encase they started to pose a larger threat.  These physical locations also attracted talent for other hackers, growing the groups and eventually creating entire industries around their proficiency of programming and computer logic.

   This map is a little more interesting.  This is a list of the top 5 Fortune rated industries of 2011 in Computer, Computer Software, Information Technologies, and Internet Services and Retail.  With the rise of the computer and other personal information devices, the areas where a hacker would be useful became much more profitable, and there is a certain area of hacker influence that clearly shows itself on this map.  In California, the tech companies are all located in the aptly named "Silicon Valley," where a significant majority of these industries have their headquarters.  The Homebrew Computer Club and the University of California are directly responsible for the creation of Silicon Valley (Nissen).  The talent that was attracted by these clubs and the businesses and technology they created changed the fiscal landscape of the area.  While the culture that was nurtured in that area played a large part, the rest of the locations hackers met do not have the same apparent success.  This could because they moved to the Silicon Valley, or because individuals created this financial powerhouse and not the community of hackers.  Besides the geographical influence of hackers, the products and services offered by these companies are used internationally, which can spread the ideals and culture of the hackers who created those products. 

The Influence of Hacker Culture in Society

Alex Lederer

HIST 390

Maps made with https://maps.google.com/

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Nissen, Jörgen
     1998  Hackers, Masters of Modernity and Modern Technology in Digital Diversions:  Youth Culture in the Age of Multi-Media.

      Julian Sefton Green.  Pp.  138-156. Psychology Press

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http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/mostadmired/2011/industries/6.html

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http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/mostadmired/2011/industries/7.html

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http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/mostadmired/2011/industries/30.html

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http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/mostadmired/2011/industries/33.html

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